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Su Quality Assurance potete leggere un articolo dal titolo: "Quality Function Deployment".

Questa è la versione tradotta in italiano con il traduttore automatico di Google.

Quality Function Deployment: QFD is a practice for designing your processes in response to customer needs. QFD translates what the customer wants into what the organization produces. It enables an organization to prioritize customer needs, an improve processes to maximum effectiveness. QFD is a practice that leads to process improvements that enable an organization to exceed the expectations of the customer.

Benefits of QFD:
Customer-focused: A total-quality organization is a customer-focused organization.

Time-efficient: QFD can reduce development time because it focuses on identified customer requirements.

Teamwork -orientated: All decisions in the process are based on consensus and involve in-depth discussion and brainstorming.

Documentation-orientated: One of the products of the QFD processes a comprehensive document that pulls together all pertinent data about all processes and how they stack up against customer requirements.

Basic QFD Tools:
- Affinity Diagram
- Interrelationship Digraph
- Tree Diagram
- Matrix Diagram

Creating an Affinity Diagram:

- A team of employees familiar with the issue is formed.
- The issue to be discussed is stated without detail.
- Responses of participants are stated verbally and recorded on 3 by 5 cards.
- The cards are spread on a large table, and participants are asked to group cards containing related ideas. Cards that don’t fit any particular group can be grouped as miscellaneous.
- Participants try to find a heading that describes each group.
- The information on the cards is replicated on paper with boxes around each group of ideas.

Interrelationship Digraph:

- Write the problem statement on a 3 by 5 card.

- Place the problem statement card in the upper left corner of a table. Take out all the cards used to develop the Affinity diagram and lay them on the table. Place the card most closely associated with the problem closest to the problem card. Continue on with the next closest until cards are used up.

- When the cards are all laid out, recreate them on paper. Distribute copies of the paper to the group for discussion. The group then makes a final arrangement.

- Distribute the final version to participants and ask them to draw arrows showing what contributes to what. This is the step in which relationships between and among causes are established.

Tree Diagram:

- Clearly identify the problem to be solved. It can be taken from the affinity diagram or from the interrelationship digraph. Write it on a card and place it on the left side of a table.

- Conduct a brainstorming session in which participants record on 3 by 5 cards all possible tasks, methods, and activities relating to the problem. Repeat the question “In order for this to happen, what must happen first?” Continue until all ideas are exhausted.

- Lay all cards on table to the right of the problem card. Put them in order based on what must happen first.

- Duplicate the cards on paper and distribute copies to all participates. All participates are to revise and correct the document.

Matrix Diagram: It is a helpful tool for identifying and graphically displaying connections among responsibilities, tasks, functions, and so forth.

Implementing QFD:
- Form the Project Team
- Establish Monitoring Procedures
- Select a Project
- Conduct a “Kick Off” Meeting
- Train the Team
- Develop the Matrices

Select a Project: It is a good idea to begin with an improvement project. Team members who are not familiar with QFD are at least familiar with the product.

Conduct a “Kick-Off” Meeting:

- Make sure all participants understand the mission of the project team.
- Make sure all participates understand their role on the the team.
- Establish parameters – (length, time, and frequency of meeting).

Train the Team: Team members should learn how to use QFD tools and how the QFD process works.

Develop the Matrices.